Investigating the influence of Shiite grain ideas on three versions of passion-reading texts with a focus on the central character of Imam Ali (AS)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Shahed university

2 Tehran University

3 Shahed University

10.22077/jcrl.2025.8706.1184

Abstract

Examining the Influence of Shiite Extremist Thought on Three Versions of Shabih-Khani Texts with a Focus on the Central Character of Imam Ali (AS)

Abstract: In contemporary times, especially in recent decades, scholars of Ta'ziyeh have analyzed Shabih-Khani and its texts from various perspectives. They have repeatedly acknowledged the influence of literature, myths, and Iranian folk culture—both before and after Islam—on these texts. This study, while considering these factors, aims to explore the thoughts that Shabih-Khani scriptwriters have directly or indirectly adopted. It investigates the question: What influence have the beliefs and ideas of Shiite extremists (Ghulat) had on the scriptwriters of Shabih-Khani performances?

To answer this, the researchers examine the impact of Shiite extremist thought on three Shabih-Khani texts—Majlis of the Birth in the Kaaba, Gusheh of Javanmard Qassab, and Majlis of the Demon’s Hand-Tying—all centered around Imam Ali (AS). The Ghulat, or Shiite extremists, were early Islamic figures who attributed divinity or prophethood to Imam Ali (AS) and his descendants. In addition to fabricating false narratives about the Prophet’s family (Ahl al-Bayt), they excessively exaggerated their descriptions. The Shiite Imams repeatedly condemned and rejected the beliefs of this group. Exaggeration and overstatement in depicting Shiite Imams are evident in most Shabih-Khani texts, particularly in the versions analyzed in this study.

This research follows a descriptive-analytical methodology, and the findings are categorized into five main characteristics: unsubstantiated narratives, extraordinary events and miracles, divinity, celestial angels, and mythical beings.

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