Analysis and typology of Ashurai poems by Mirza Hasan Kafash Esfahani

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate professor of Persian language and literature Islamic Azad university

2 Ph. D student of Persian language and literature Islamic Azad university Dehaghan

3 - Assitant Professor of Persian Language and Literature Payam noor University, Najaf Abad

10.22077/jcrl.2025.8717.1185

Abstract

Mirza Hasan Kafash Isfahani is one of the religious poets of the 13th century AH and the Qajar era. The Qajar era is the peak of religious elegies. Kafash Esfahani is a poet who has dedicated all his poems to mention the lamentations and prayers of Ahl al-Bayt (a.s.), especially Imam Hussein (a.s.). In this essay, the Ashurai poems of Mirza Hasan Kafash Esfahani have been examined with the descriptive-analytical method from the aspect of content and theme, form and lamentation. The results of the research show that there are mystical, deterministic, emotional, epic and mythological readings of the Ashura event in the Ashura poems of this poet. According to the conditions and period of the poet's life and its requirements, the tragic and emotional dimension is more pronounced in the poem of Kafash. Kafash Esfahani has used most of the poetic forms in composing his Ashura poems, but Ghazal, Qaseedah, and Masnavi are his most poetic forms, respectively. Guaranteed ghazals have a high frequency in Diwan Kafash. The laments of Kafash Isfahani are simple and expressive in terms of expression, and there is not much verbal and spiritual art in them, and they are written in an understandable and clear language. In general, Kafash Esfahani has paid more attention to the simplicity and fluency of words and words in composing Ashurai poems and emphasizes on sad scenes. In his poetry, arrangement and thematization are not very important.

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